ความชุกและปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับพัฒนาการล่าช้าของทารกกลุ่มเสี่ยงโรงพยาบาลวชิระภูเก็ต Prevalence and Factors Related to Delayed Development in High risk Newborn at Vachira Phuket Hospital

อ่อนอนงค์ ค้ำชูชาติ,พว. คลินิกสุขภาพเด็กดี กลุ่มการพยาบาล โรงพยาบาลวชิระภูเก็ต

Abstract

The retrospective study aimed to examine the prevalence and factors Related to developmental delay among high-risk Newborn at Vachira Phuket Hospital. Data were collected from the medical records of 197 high-risk Newborn at Vachira Phuket Hospital between January 1 st, 2021, and December 31th, 2023, who were followed up for developmental assessment at least until 18 months of age. Developmental assessments were conducted using the Risk Newborn Developmental Screening and Promotion Manual at 4, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months. Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, were used, and the chi-square test was applied to examine associations between factors and developmental delay with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The prevalence of developmental delay among high-risk Newborn increased with age at 4, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months, at 36.5%, 38.1%, 44.2%, 49.2%, and 52.8%, respectively. At 18 months, delays were notably observed in Personal and Social, Expressive Language and Receptive Language with prevalence rates of 51.3%, 50.3%, and 48.2% respectively. Significant factors associated with developmental delay at 18 months included low birth weight, history of endotracheal intubation, duration of intubation exceeding 7 days, gestational age less than 37 weeks, and unexplained maternal fever (p < 0.05). Therefore, reducing complications and continuous developmental follow-up are necessary to promote appropriate child development.

Keywords: High risk Newborn, Developmental delay, low birth weight

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